Essays

Dr. Titilope F. Ajayi is a pracademic and independent research, training, and facilitation consultant with specializations in gender, conflict, peace and security, civil society, and social movements. Her recent work...

Introduction Northeastern Nigeria has been of significant interest to the research community for one obvious reason: to study the decade-long insurgency ravaging the region. Scholarly inquiries into the phenomenon have...

Introduction After two years of devastating war, the Federal government of Ethiopia and the Tigray People`s Liberation Front (TPLF) signed a Permanent Cessation of Hostilities Agreement in November 2022 in...

Introduction This essay explores the linkages between xenophobia, politics and religion, in the run-up to the general elections in South Africa. Despite this year’s general elections coinciding with South Africa’s...

Introduction Uganda has a long history of refugee protection efforts. This can be traced to the 1940s, when the country hosted 7,000 Polish refugees fleeing the devastation of World War...

Introduction Recently, many forms of violence and conflict are escalating due to multiple, often interrelated causes, such as poverty, insufficient development, inequitable resource distribution, competing political ideologies, and religious tensions....

Introduction Globally, conflicts are intrinsic to protected areas (PAs), given the multiple actors, varying interests, and institutional structures connected with PA management. Some experts argue that participatory approaches to natural...

Introduction The study of refugees has shifted from maintaining the customary homogenization of refugees, including the equation of flight with helplessness, to recognizing their agency. Yet relapses still occur, which...

In Zimbabwe, election disputes continue unabated. As in previous elections, critics dispute the elections held on August 23, 2023, highlighting serious electoral fraud and intimidation of rural voters, opposition political...

Many observers described Zimbabwe’s 2023 harmonized elections to elect the president, the legislators, and local authority representatives as flawed, and the main opposition Citizens Coalition for Change (CCC) led by...

Contemporary electoral contests are now synonymous with increased production, distribution, and consumption of false and misleading narratives about candidates, political parties, electoral management bodies, the voting processes, and the announcement...

On August 23, 2023, the Zimbabwe African National Union – Patriotic Front (ZANU PF) and the Citizens Coalition for Change (CCC) faced off in a highly tense electoral contest. Most...